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CHAPTER 2 NUTRITION IN ANIMALS WORKBOOK Q- ANS
Chapter 2 - Nutrition in Animals
1. Choose the correct option. (R)
a) Butterflies suck nectar from flowers with a long tube called ____________
i) pseudopodia ii) mouth
iii) omasum iv) proboscis
b) The partially digested solid part of food that is sent back to the mouth by ruminants is called ___________.
(a) plaque (b) bolus
(c) cud (d) chyme
c) The _________________ is a muscular organ found at the base of the mouth. (a) tongue (b) throat
(c) pancreas (d) pharynx
2. Name the following: (An) 1. An enzyme present in gastric juice.
ans: Pepsin
2. The upper part of the tooth that is visible above the gums. ans: Crown
3. The finger-like projections lining the inside of the small intestine. ans: Villi
3. State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements by changing the underlined words. (An)
1. The mouth is a cone-shaped passage way for both food and air. ans: False
The pharynx is a cone-shaped passage way for both food and air.
2. Enzymes are biological catalysts which speed up chemical reactions inside our body.
ans: True
3. There are 14 molars in adult humans.
ans: False
There are 12 molars in adult humans.
IV.In the following questions, two statements are given- one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Read the statements carefully and choose the correct alternative (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below. (An)
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion. (B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion. (C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.
(i)Assertion:Camelsare carnivores.
Reason: Carnivores feed only on the flesh of other animals.
ans: (D) A is false but R is true.
(ii)Assertion:The small intestine is the longest organ of the digestive tract. Reason:The small intestine is 6-7 m long with a diameter of about 3-4cm. ans: (A) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of theassertion.
V. Answer the following in one sentence. (U) 1. Name the four chambers of the ruminant stomach.
ans: Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum and Abomasum.
2. List the accessory digestive organs in humans.
ans: The accessory digestive organs include the liver, the pancreas and the salivary glands.
3. What is mastication?
ans: Mastication is the mechanical grinding of food into smaller pieces by teeth. VI.State one function of the following. (R)
1. Pseudopodia in amoeba
ans: •Capturing of food
•Locomotion
2. Cilia in Paramecium
ans: Cilia that push the food into the cell.
3. Omasum in ruminants
ans: It is responsible for the absorption of excess water. VII. Give reasons for the following statements. (An) 1. Mucus is present in saliva
ans: The mucus is present in saliva to make food slimy and slippery so that it can be easily swallowed.
2. Stomach produces hydrochloric acid.
ans:
∙ Hydrochloric acid mixes with the partially digested food from themouth and provides the acidic environment necessary for digestion of the food. ∙ It also helps to control the bacteria and other microorganisms present in the food.
VIII. (Ap)
Shipra is studying in grade 7. Her younger brother wanted to learn about how our teeth decay. She created a flow chart to explain the steps involved in tooth decay. Can you help her to complete the flowchart?
Bacteria are naturally present in the mouth
They act on the food particles present in the gaps between our teeth and form a sticky yellowish layer on the teeth called as plaque.
The sugars and starch in the food items are converted to acids by the plaque.
These acids corrode the enamel and may cause tooth decay and cavities.
VIII. State the functions of the labelled parts of the teeth.(R)
Canine – Help is tearing the
food
Premolars- Help to crush,
grind and move food from
the front teeth to the molars
for chewing
Molars- To chew the food into
small, easily consumable pieces
Incisors- Help to bite and cut food into small chewable pieces
IX. Kevin counted his permanent teeth in a mirror and made an observation table as shown below. He however made some mistakes while filling the table. Help Kevin to correct the observation table.(Ap)
Types of teeth Number of teeth
Incisors 14
Canines 4
Premolars 8
Molars 8
Types of teeth Number of teeth
Incisors 8
Canines 4
Premolars 8
Molars 12
1. The process of digestion involves mechanical as well as chemical breakdown offood. Identify the organs, the actions, and the enzymes that break down foodusing mechanical, chemical or both methods and accordingly fill the words inthe Venn diagram. (Ap)
(stomach, biting, pepsin, peristalsis, chyme, mouth, chewing, amylase)
amylase pepsin
chyme mouth stomach
biting
peristalsis chewing
2. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
What could happen if there was no epiglottis in the pharynx region? ans: Epiglottis helps to prevent the food from entering into the wind pipe. When we swallow food, the epiglottis closes to prevent the food from entering the wind
pipe. If epiglottis is not present, the food will enter in the wind pipe, which can lead to choking and further leads to death.
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CHAPTER 2 NUTRITION IN ANIMALS TEXTUAL Q-ANS
Unit 3: Nutrition in Amoeba
Check you progress (Pg 20)
1. Phagocytosis
2. protozoa and algae
3. The nucleus, food vacuole,and contractile vacuole 4. Locomotion and engulfing of food particles
Unit 4: Nutrition in Ruminants
Flow chart to trace the path the food travels in the
digestive system of a ruminant
Check you progress (Pg 21)
1. cattle, sheep, goats
2. omasum, abomasums, rumen, reticulum 3. abomasum
4. The partially digested food in the rumen that is brought back again into the mouth for
chewing
Unit 5: Role of the Mouth, and Teeth in the Human Digestive system
1. Root
2. Crown
3. Incisors: help to bite and cut food into small chewable pieces.
Canines: help in tearing the food
Premolars: help crush, grind food and move it from the front teeth to the molars for chewing
Molars: They chew food into small, easily consumable pieces.
Unit 6: Role of Tongue and salivary glands in the Human Digestive
system Check you progress (Pg 25)
1. Amylase
2. Mechanical/physical digestion and chemical digestion
3. Incisors, canines, premolars and molars
4. 32
Unit 7 : Role of other organs of the Human Digestive System
Check you progress (Pg 29)
1. Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
2. It prevents the food from entering the wind pipe
3. To increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients 4. Pepsin
Unit 9 : Lets Exercise
Lets Exercise (Answers)
1. a. Pepsin
b. crown
c. Rumen
d. contractile vacuole
2. a. Pseudopodia
b. Hydrochloric acid
c. Pulp
d. Peristalsis
3. a. False
b. True
c. True
d. False
4. a. ii
b. i
c. iv
d. iii
5. a. Which enzyme present in saliva acts on starch?
Amylase
b. Where is bile stored?
Gall bladder
c. Which glands present in the mouth help in the breakdown of food?
Salivary glands
d. Which group of animals have a four-chambered stomach? Ruminants
e. Which finger-like projections are found on the inner lining of the small intestine?
Villi
6. a. What is Phagocytosis?
The process of engulfing a food particle and breaking it down inside a cell is known as phagocytosis.
b. What is holozoic nutrition?
In holozoic nutrition an animal consumes solid or liquid food which is broken down or digested by the body into simpler substances. Useful substances are absorbed by the body while the undigested and harmful substances are thrown out.
c. What are the different chambers of a ruminant’s stomach?
There are four chambers of a ruminant’s stomach – 1) Rumen
2) Reticulum 3)Omasum 4)Abomasum
d. Name the glands which help in the digestion of food in the small intestine of humans.
Liver and Pancreas
7. a. Hydrochloric acid does not corrode the lining of the stomach. The mucous lining of the stomach protects it from the corrosive effects of the acids.
b. It is advisable to brush our teeth twice a day.
Bacteria are naturally present in our mouth. They act on the food particles present in the gaps between our teeth and form a sticky yellowish layer
on the teeth known as plaque.
The sugar and starch in the food items are converted to acids by the plaque. These acids corrode the enamel and may cause tooth decay and cavities. In order to prevent the formation of plaque and tooth decay, we must brush our teeth twice a day to remove all residual food particles
8. a. Explain parasitic nutrition with examples.
Refer to pg 17
b. Write a note on the small intestine and its role in digestion of food.
Refer to pg 28
c. Explain the steps in Nutrition.
Refer to pg 19
d. What is the function of the large intestine in the digestion of food in human beings?
Refer to pg 28
9. a. Refer to pg 22
b.
Types of teeth
Molars
to chew
food into small,
easily
consumable
pieces
12
10.
Incisors
help to bite and cut
food into small chewable
pieces.
8
Canines
tearing the food.
4
Premolars
to crush and grind and
food and
move it to the molars for
chewing.
8
11. Anushka is correct. It is important to chew our food as digestion takes place in the
mouth and chewing the food ensures that the starch present in it is broken down. Knowledge, Awareness and Care
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